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COVID-19 is a widespread contagious viral infection that can severely affect the respiratory system. Although many people recover from using the disease without special care or treatment, pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to pulmonary infections due to their hangers systems system and physiology. To investigate the treatment provided to pregnant women who are PCR-positive for COVID-19 in their early three months of pregnancy, a reanalyzed analyzed data from 84 participants who received treatment at Tangerang Regional Hospital in 2 study was the study conducted based on an ases of observational investigation with a cross-sectional approach. It assembled the data for analysis of the chi-square test. The results showed that 92.9% of participants underwent a cesarean section, while the remaining 7.1% were discharged after giving birth typically or recovering. Additionally, the study did not find any correlation between factors such as age, education, work, gravida, ANC visit, and the impact of COVID-19 on the third trimester of pregnancy at Tangerang Hospital in 2022. The study recommends that pregnant women seek information about pregnancy care from healthcare providers, particularly midwives, posyandu officers, and the media, to make well-known decisions about their health and well-being during this critical period, ensuring a safe and healthy pregnancy outcome.
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Pregnancy and the entire mothering process is always a very big challenge, which involves physical and emotional changes in women. Currently, with the numbers of cases confirmed by COVID-19 growing every day in our city, everything is uncertain. This whole scenario brought many anxieties, concerns and ques- tions. This is no different with pregnant women, on the contrary, their fears and anxieties have multiplied during this period. The project, through a field study, aimed to assess the emotional state of the pregnant woman in relation to the pandemic COVID-19. A quantitative research was carried out, with the application of a virtual questionnaire prepared by the author herself. 39 pregnant women who are monitoring their prenatal care at a clinic in the city of Tres Coracoes - MG were interviewed. The research appli- cation was released with an opinion embodied under the number of CAAE 39410820.9.0000.5158 and authorization from the res- ponsible nurse, where the contact phones of the pregnant women were noted so that the questionnaire could be applied in a virtual way, through the Google Forms platform, after the term agree- ment. It was found that psychological disorders appeared in 51.3% of the study population and 48.7% who already had some disorder such as anxiety and depression stated that their clinical condition worsened with the pandemic. This target audience is a group considered at risk by the World Health Organization. It should be given full support and support, through guidance on preventive measures and complete assistance by a multidiscipli- nary team.
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Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of nucleic acid negative newborns delivered by pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant BA. 5.1.3) in Sanya area, and to provide evidence for understanding its clinical characteristics. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 14 neonates with negative nucleic acid delivered by pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant BA.5.1.3) in Sanya Central Hospital (the Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province) from June 2022 to September 2022 (observation group, n=14). The corresponding nucleic acid-negative newborns delivered by pregnant women detected negative with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicronon variant strain BA.5.1.3) were set as the control group (n=56), and the general data and clinical characteristics of neonates in the two groups were compared. Results: There was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in pregnancy diabetes, pregnancy induced hypertension, gestational pre-eclampsia, fetal intrauterine distress, premature rupture of membranes (P > 0.05);there was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group in terms of sex, gestational age, birth weight, age, mode of delivery, birth Apgar score, heart screening, pulmonary disease, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, thalassemia, breast milk jaundice, hemolytic jaundice (P > 0.05). The bilirubin level, blue light irradiation cases and the duration of blue light irradiation of the newborns in the observation group at 7 days after birth were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05);the ratio of blood oxygen saturation 90% in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (21.43% vs 89.29%, P < 0.05), and the ratio of blood oxygen saturation occasionally<90% was higher than that in the control group (57.14% vs 10.71%, P < 0.05). The ratio of blood oxygen saturation<90% had no significant difference compared with that in the control group (7.14% vs 0, P > 0.05), and the ratio of blood oxygen saturation reduced to the required oxygen uptake was higher than that in the control group (14.29% vs 0, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The jaundice manifestation of the nucleic acid-negative newborns delivered by pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicronon variant strain BA.5.1.3) in Sanya area is relatively obvious, with blood oxygen saturation easily lower than 90% and even requiring oxygen inhalation in severe cases.
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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a communicable respiratory disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus that causes illness in humans. The disease is caused by a pathogen called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 and can be transmitted from person to person through infected air droplets that are projected during sneezing or coughing. The coronavirus disease has generally affected all sectors of the society, including the health sector and reproductive health in particular. Reproductive health contributes greatly to physical and psychosocial comfort and closeness between individuals. Adequate and balanced reproductive health can be impaired and deprived by diseases, abuse, exploitation, unwanted pregnancy, and death. This review paper looked into possible effects of COVID-19 pandemic on reproductive health. Human and nonhuman primate literatures were examined to extract empirical data detailing the impact of COVID-19 on reproductive health. Literatures were sourced from Ovid MEDLINE, SCOPUS, the Cochrane Library, Ovid EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, PROQUEST, PUBMED, and Web of Science. Experimental and clinical evidence were used to examine whether COVID-19 adversely impacted on the reproductive health of infected and non-infected population. The global outbreak of COVID-19 has led to measures driven by the pandemic, to prevent further spread and effectual treatment of those affected. This has literally caused decrease in sexual and reproductive health care services due to global lockdowns and closures of health sectors deemed to be non-essential in combating the disease.
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Stillbirth is defined as the birth of a viable baby without signs of life. They account for more than 2.5 million intrauterine deaths per year worldwide and are associated with a number of risk factors, the most important of which are maternal and placental factors. Autopsy provides information that may be of use in determining time since death, gestational age of the fetus, mode of death, cause of fetal demise, and the likelihood of recurrence. The format of the autopsy is guided by parental consent, but even when consent is limited, valuable information may be obtained by careful consideration of antemortem test results, imaging, and genetic testing. Where there is a delay between death and delivery, fetuses are affected by maceration, which may increase the technical complexity of the autopsy and impart a number of artefactual changes, which should not be misinterpreted as genuine pathology. The most common pathologies encountered at autopsy are placental abnormalities, changes related to maternal disorders, malformations, and central nervous system pathology. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022. All rights reserved.
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This journal issue includes s of papers presented at the conference. Topics discusses are: stillbirth during a pandemic;analysis of the female genital tract (FGT) metabolome;effectiveness of REGEN-COV antibody combination to reduce risk of hospitalization;patterns of nucleic acid amplification testing;delta variant neutralizing antibody response following maternal COVID19 vaccination;integrated prenatal and hepatitis c virus care increases linkage;extended interval gentamicin dosing in obstetrics;maternal and infant cytomegalovirus detection among women living with HIV.
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Introduction: Obstetric emergencies that occur during labor, often present as a major indication for prompt completion of labor by instrumental methods or emergency cesarean section. The purpose of this study was to present the clinical features of emergencies, the evolution of labor, maternal and fetal or neonatal complications at patients with SARS-COV-2 infection. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective study that included 150 pregnant women who gave birth in Bucur Maternity, St John Hospital, Bucharest, between 2018-2020 that fulfilled the features of obstetrical emergency during labor and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study group was divided in patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 and negative for SARS-CoV-2. Results: Following PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 were 26.67% of patients positive and 73.33% had a negative result. Analyzing the data obtained from this group of patients, it resulted that the average hospitalization is higher in the positive group (7.05 days) versus the negative group (5.47 days). The average gestational age at birth of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients was 37.26 weeks, lower than the gestational age of neonates from uninfected mothers (38.41 weeks). The average of the APGAR scores in the COVID group is 8.41, and for the negative group is 8.90. Conclusions: The associated SARS-CoV-2 infection played a significant role in terms of the APGAR score and the early peripartum outcomes of new-borns, negatively influencing the value of the APGAR index. Gestational age was considerably lower in patients diagnosed with the infection. The SARS-CoV-2 virus infection has a significant influence in unsatisfactory neonatal outcomes compared to new-borns of healthy mothers.
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Objective: To determine the frequency of contraceptive usage, the social barriers affecting their use, and the frequency of unplanned pregnancies during the COVID-19 pandemic Methodology: This is a prospective cross-sectional study carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College & PAF Hospitals from July 2020 to September 2020. All women of reproductive age attending the outpatient department were consecutively included. A pre-structured questionnaire was used for the purpose of collection of data. We obtained information regarding the use of contraception before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the contraception methods used by these women. Furthermore, reasons for discontinuing contraception amongst those women who were using it earlier. The occurrence of pregnancy during pandemic was also noted. Results: Of the 350 women, 306 (87.4%) women practiced contraception before and 288 (82.3%) practiced it during the lockdown. Of 306 women practicing contraception before the lockdown, 265 (86.6%) continued practicing during the lockdown as well. Condom 145 (50.3%) and withdrawal method 116 (40.3%) were the most used methods amongst the 288 women practicing contraception during the lockdown. The noticeable increase in the number of those using withdrawal method was due to the lack of consultation following the fear of getting COVID (17 women, 41.5%) and no access to the clinic (14 women, 34.1%). These were the most common reasons for not using contraception, amongst the 41 women practicing contraception before the pandemic. Pregnancies were reported by 93 (26.6%) women out of whom 75 (80.6%) reported these to have been unplanned. Conclusion: The COVID pandemic has largely affected the utilization of contraceptives among women who were already practicing different contraceptive methods. Moreover, unplanned pregnancies are increasingly reported by women.
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We describe how the COVID-19 pandemic affected reproductive choices in New York City, the most acutely impacted area of the United States. We contrast changes in New York City with reproductive outcomes in the rest of the US. We find that births to New York City residents fell 8.4% more between March, 2020 and February 2021 than that would have been expected given trends leading up to the pandemic. Births to US-born residents of New York City fell 5.5% over the same year, triple the observed decline in the rest of the US. Births to foreign-born New York City residents fell 11.4%, twice the decline observed in the rest of the US. Reported induced abortions to New York City residents fell precipitously whereas induced abortions nation-wide rose slightly. The acute downturn and robust recovery in births in New York City maps closely with the spike in mortality and its equally rapid decline three months later. We conclude that the fear and uncertainty in the early months of the pandemic is the best explanation for the sudden, but brief drop in births in New York City.
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Due to the fact that the health information of pregnant women is extremely complex and delicate because of COVID-19. If adequate measures are not taken, it has to be mentioned that the exposure increases the chances of contagion, making the simple fact of having to receive one of the consultations for the control of gestation becomes very dangerous. The objective of the research is to design a mobile application for the control of pregnant women in times of pandemic in an effective and efficient way and thus decrease the contagion of COVID-19. The methodology used is the incremental model that allowed us to obtain the percentages of the application made. The result obtained is the design of the application for the control of pregnant women to show all the ailments and problems that can occur during pregnancy, from a headache to malfunction of the internal organs. Thanks to the application is already a great help for people's daily routines as these range from simple games to various applications to manage and control in making decisions from home. © 2023 Seventh Sense Research Group®
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Background: Good antenatal care helps a woman face labour in good health and optimum conditions. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and WHO guidelines suggest 15 visits in the whole pregnancy. Keeping in view the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the exposure of pregnant ladies the number of antenatal visits was reduced to 7 milestone visits and outcome was noted. This study aimed to do a comparative study of feto-maternal outcome in antenatal cases at our centre using standard WHO protocol vs. revised antenatal protocol during COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Method: This was an observational study done at a tertiary care center of an Armed forces hospital with target population as pregnant ladies attending antenatal care Out patient department of the hospital during COVID19 pandemic Vs Antenatal cases in previous 1 year. A comparative analysis of pregnancy outcome, maternal variables during pregnancy and delivery along with neonatal variables was done. Results: There were lesser deliveries by 41.7% as compared to non-COVID times. There was an increase in the caesarean delivery rate and instrumental delivery rate during COVID times by 11% and 53% respectively. There was increase in Vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) by 26.6%. The incidence of fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, maternal anaemia and gestational diabetes mellitus, oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios was low. The incidence of spontaneous abortions was also low in our study. In contrast, the incidence of pre-term deliveries doubled from 7.4% to 13.4%. Neonatal morbidity and mortality indicators like Neonatal Intensive care unit (NICU) admissions showed a rising trend of 1.7% during the COVID (14.6% to 16.3%) with a minimal rise in early neonatal deaths by 0.2%. Conclusion: Our model doesn't show an increase in maternal, neonatal morbidity, and mortality. This model can be used as a standard of care for Antenatal patients during Pandemics. It reduces the risk exposure of the gravid mother without any significant increase in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
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Introduction: risk factors associated with complications in the mother-child pair include: history of hypertensive disorders, adolescent pregnancy, drug use, unfavorable obstetric history with a background of miscarriages or abortions, sexually transmitted diseases and urinary tract infections. Background: to identify the obstetric risk in times of COVID-19 pandemic at the "Bastion Popular" health area, Guayaquil, Ecuador, from January to June 2021. Method: a descriptive-transversal field research was carried out, with a quantitative approach, which favored the analysis of the obstetric risk categories recorded in the medical history of 117 pregnant women, who signed an informed consent, for the collection of data through home visits, using the obstetric risk scale or score. Results: outcomes assessment showed, as main result, that the most frequent obstetric risk group was the age group 20 to 24 and the high risk factor was the main category identified. Obstetric risk increased proportionally when the interpregnancy interval was reduce. Conclusions: young women between 20 and 24 years of age are those who presented the highest obstetric risk, which is correlate with a higher number of gestations, abortions, deliveries and cesarean sections. Therefore, it is necessary to provide women with information about pregnancy and its complications, so that they are able to identify risk factors during pregnancy, delivery and the puerperium.
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Pregnant women generally constitute a group at high risk of infectious diseases due to gestational immunological and physiological changes in their system. That is why the objective of this work is to analyze the implications of the physiological changes of pregnancy in SARS-CoV-2 disease. Physiological changes in pregnant women not only increase their susceptibility to the virus, but also increase the severity of the disease. Changes in the respiratory and immune systems, the role of the placenta in coagulation, and the function of endothelial cells are the physiological changes that most influence the disease. The decrease in lung capacity and the variations that occur in the immune system represent new treatment challenges for pregnant women with COVID-19 disease and therefore new areas of research limited so far.
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Background: Pregnant women and fetuses are populations that are at high risk of being infected with the virus. COVID-19 in pregnant women is considered a risk factor for causing complications in pregnancy such as premature rupture of membranes. This study aims to analyze complications of premature rupture of membranes in mothers infected with COVID-19. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Article searches were conducted using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. The articles used are articles published from 2020-2022. Keywords to search for articles were: "COVID-19" OR "2019-nCoV" OR "novel coronavirus" OR "SARS-CoV-2" OR "coronavirus 2" AND "premature rupture of membrane" OR "prelabour rupture of membrane" AND "pregnancy." The inclusion criteria used were full text articles in English with a cohort study design, multivariate analysis with Adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR), research subjects were pregnant women, intervention was COVID-19 infection, comparison was not infected with COVID-19, the outcome of the study was premature rupture of membranes. The results of the search for articles were included in the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: A total of 9 cohort study articles from the United States, Bangladesh, China, India, Mexico, Romania, and Spain were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed that pregnant women infected with COVID-19 had a risk of complications of premature rupture of membranes as much as 2.26 times compared to pregnant women who were not infected with COVID-19 and the results were statistically significant (aOR = 2.26;95% CI = 1.33 to 3.82;p = 0.002). Conclusion: Pregnant women infected with COVID-19 increase the risk of premature rupture of membranes.
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Background: The health-care system has encountered exceptional circumstances, experiencing unique challenges, and manifesting as acute challenges in health-care services due to the spread of COVID-19. Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to report the difficulties faced by the anesthetists while performing a cesarean section under the subarachnoid block (SAB) in COVID-19 patients at a dedicated COVID Level 3 hospital. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy anesthetists (six consultants and 14 postgraduate) aged 20-40 years performed 60 elective or emergency cesarean sections of known COVID-19-positive gravida patients aged 20-35 years with no comorbidity and no spine abnormality under the SAB. Anesthetist;s responses to the challenges faced while performing procedures wearing the Level 3 personal protective equipment were recorded using a pre-structure self-administered questionnaire. To quantify the intensity of these problems, all the physical and psychological difficulties were graded as mild, moderate, and severe. Results: In the present study, 75% experienced moderate-to-severe sweating, and 60% experienced moderate-to-severe headaches. A total of 45% experienced moderate-to-severe breathlessness. Though there was little difficulty in communication among doctors and staff, almost 75% of anesthetists faced it. The fear of contracting the disease and spreading it to the family members was expressed by 75-80% of anesthetists. Conclusion: The present scenario has increased physical stress and other psychological problems among health workers. Therefore, hospital support with regular psychological counseling sessions is needed for healthcare workers to cope with the current situation.
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Background: India is one of the most severely affected countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A higher risk of severe illness and complications from COVID-19 had been observed in pregnant women as compared to nonpregnant women. The government of India on July 2, 2021, provided approval for the vaccination of pregnant women against COVID-19. A little data regarding the safety or harm during pregnancy of vaccination were available that time. Lack of safety data, fear, mistrust, underestimation of efficacy of vaccine, and chaos due to pandemic makes indecisive surrounding for pregnant women and this causes hesitancy with decision making about the COVID-19 vaccination. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to analyze the willingness and hesitancy of pregnant women to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care institute in Northern India. Five hundred antenatal women who were eligible for COVID-19 vaccination were included in this study. Informed consent has been taken and data were analyzed after filling face to face questionnaire regarding vaccine acceptance or hesitancy. Results: The present study revealed low acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy. Prime reasons for the same are no allowance by the family and the possibility of vaccine harming the baby. Conclusion: Specific efforts should be directed toward high-risk populations including pregnant women and those who are planning for pregnancy. This will promote vaccination rates by increasing people's trust in immunization and the health-care system.
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Introduction: COVID-19 is a disease that emerged with a rapidly increasing number of cases and deaths since it was first identified in Wuhan city belonging to China on December 2019. By January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) notified the outbreak as an international public health emergency and it is on February 11 of the same year that it took the name "COVID-19”. Vaccination was one of the best strategies to prevent and avoid complications produced by SARS CoV-2. Aim: to describe the literature on the efficacy and adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women. Method: non-experimental narrative literature review carried out by searching for articles in the following databases: Scopus and PubMed. Results: with the proposed research, 14 articles were found and analyzed, although the data are limited, women are more susceptible to coronavirus infection than the general population due to immunological changes. Conclusions: although in most of the literature and research, the administration of the vaccine against Covid-19 is safe and beneficial for pregnant women, it is important to mention that each pregnant woman responds differently to the vaccine. © 2022, Publicacion de la Asociacion Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia. All rights reserved.
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Objective. Thanks to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, pregnant women are protected from the complications of COVID-19 infection, but the benefits of this vaccination in preventing morbidity and mortality in the fetus are not yet clear: it is not well understood if and how these antibodies cross the placenta. Indeed antibodies made after a pregnant person has received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine have been found in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood at term and represent a safer method of enhancing neonatal antibody levels than administration of immunoglobulin preparation to the infant. The aim of the study is to test the presence of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and spike antibodies in the amniotic fluid in the second trimester of pregnancy, and then to compare the antibodies level in maternal serum and amniotic fluid to evaluate their correlation. Materials and Methods. This cohort study took place at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Messina at the AOU Policlinico G. Martino from September 2021 to February 2022;the study consisted of 22 pregnant women who had amniocentesis in the gestational period between 15 weeks plus 6 days and 18 weeks: we analyzed serum and amniotic fluid samples of women who contracted the SARS-CoV-2 infection, or who were vaccinated against the same virus, within one year, or never infected by SARS-CoV-2 or vaccinated against it. During the amniocentesis, all patients underwent a single sample of maternal serum and of amniotic fluid to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody and S1 receptor binding domain IgG antibody levels. Inclusion criteria were pregnant women with the need to undergo amniocentesis. Results. 22 pregnant women were enrolled in the study:10 of them were vaccinated with a mRNA COVID-19 vaccine;12 women were not vaccinated, 4 of them had developed COVID-19 infection within one year before the collection and 2 of them developed the infection during pregnancy;the other 6 never developed the infection and have not been vaccinated, enrolled as comparators. Mann-Whitney test showed that vaccinated patients had significantly higher S1 receptor binding domain antibody levels both in amniotic fluid (p < 0.006) and maternal blood (p < 0.005) than not vaccinated women;also SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels were higher in pregnant women who developed COVID-19 infection both in amniotic fluid (p < 0.007) and maternal blood (p < 0.004) than not vaccinated women. There was a significantly high correlation between the concentrations of spikes antibody levels in vaccinated pregnant women's serum and amniotic fluid (p = 0.000), and of neutralizing antibody levels in serum and amniotic fluid of women who developed COVID-19 infection (p = 0.000). Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, the analysis of amniotic fluid and serum showed for the first time that all the vaccinated pregnant women samples had SARS-CoV-2 spikes immunoglobulins both in maternal blood and amniotic fluid. There is a very high correlation between maternal blood and amniotic fluid S1 receptor binding domain antibody levels in vaccinated women: this demonstrates that there is an early transplacental antibody transfer. Also neutralizing antibodies were found in the amniotic fluid of infected pregnant women, with high correlation between concentrations.
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The online environment has long been a sensory interaction between a brand or product and its consumers through visual imagery and sonic elements. While newer technologies have developed that cater to a customer's more psychological need for haptics (touch), gestation, and olfaction, brands have not explored its true potential. Immersions and other forms of Human-Computer interaction have vastly developed and present scope for more than just a single sense for online consumers. While brands are employing these multisensory interfaces (vs. single-sensory) in certain product categories, it remains to be seen whether customers who unknowingly experience sensations online want to adapt to it. Several product categories could find multisensory elements beneficial. This study aims to delve deeper and understand the motivations of such behavior and identify the need for a customer to engage all its senses beyond the traditional visuals and sound while interacting with brands virtually for a more holistic experience. While external environmental factors such as pandemics have resulted in the inevitable loss of physical touchpoints, the aim is to determine whether sensory elements beyond images and sounds will benefit customer engagement.Copyright © 2022 Novyi Russkii Universitet. All rights reserved.
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Background: Evidence has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic can have unpleasant side effects for pregnant women and fetuses. Therefore, vaccination of pregnant women was performed to make this group safe. In order to consolidate the existing knowledge about the effectiveness and consequences of pregnancy in women who underwent this vaccination, this study was designed and implemented. Methods: In this systematic review study, all published studies up to 24.2.2022 were included in the study. The studies were searched in the databases of Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus using the keywords Pregnancy, COVID-19 Virus Vaccines, Pregnancy Complications and fetal outcome. The two researchers independently reviewed the articles for quality assessment (using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool) and extracted their main findings. Findings: In this review study, 10 studies were included in accordance with the inclusion criteria with 40522 pregnant women who received the COVID-19 vaccine. The incidence of maternal complications after vaccination was extremely low. Among pregnant women, there was no significant difference in maternal complications based on whether the vaccine was given in the first, second or third trimester of pregnancy. Covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with an increase in pregnancy complications or delivery. Conclusion: Considering that the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine are important factors in achieving population immunity, more acceptance of vaccines is essential to achieve adequate immunization coverage. Health care providers can use the available data to educate and empower pregnant women to make informed decisions.